Tennessee does not regulate private well water quality. Unlike municipal water systems, private wells serving fewer than 25 people are not covered by the Safe Drinking Water Act or any Tennessee state regulation. No agency monitors your well, tests your water, or tells you when something is wrong. That responsibility is entirely yours.
The Regulatory Gap: You Are on Your Own
About 10% of Tennesseans rely on a private well or spring as their primary water source (Tennessee Department of Health). For Middle Tennessee, that means tens of thousands of households in Williamson, Dickson, Maury, Robertson, Cheatham, Wilson, and surrounding counties are entirely self-responsible for water safety.
A USGS study of more than 2,100 private wells across the United States found approximately 1 in 5 contained at least one contaminant at a level above a human health benchmark. The most common findings: bacteria, nitrate, arsenic, radon, and manganese — none of which you can see, smell, or taste at typical well water concentrations.
What this means practically
Tennessee will test public water systems 1,200+ times per year. It will test your well zero times.
Nashville Metro Water Services runs hundreds of water quality tests monthly on the Cumberland River supply. Your well water was last tested whenever you last paid for a lab test — possibly never, if you inherited the property or moved in without a home inspection that included a water test. The geology of Middle Tennessee (limestone karst, clay-rich soils near agricultural land, shallow water tables in some areas) creates real contamination pathways that are not theoretical. Bacteria and nitrate contamination from a failing septic system nearby can appear within weeks. A systematic annual testing schedule is the only protection you have.
What to Test For: The Full Parameter List
Not all tests are necessary for every well. The correct panel depends on your county geology, land use near your well, well age and depth, and specific risk factors. Here are the parameters, why each matters for Middle Tennessee, and what the key limits are.
Total Coliform & E. coli
Bacteria that indicate fecal contamination from septic systems, animal waste, or surface water intrusion. The single most important annual test. E. coli specifically indicates human or animal fecal matter. Any detection is a problem — there is no “acceptable” level of E. coli in drinking water.
EPA limit (MCL)
Zero (absent)
Test frequency
Every year (spring)
Treatment: UV sterilization · Chlorination · Address source first
Nitrate (NO⊂3;–N)
Agricultural fertilizer runoff, septic system leaching, and naturally occurring nitrogen. Particularly dangerous for infants under 6 months (blue baby syndrome) and pregnant women. Williamson, Maury, Robertson, and Dickson Counties have significant agricultural activity making nitrate a priority test.
EPA MCL
10 mg/L
EWG guideline
0.14 mg/L
Test frequency
Every year
Infant risk
Above 10 mg/L
Treatment: Reverse osmosis · Ion exchange · Distillation
Iron (Fe)
Extremely common in Middle Tennessee limestone aquifers. Above 0.3 mg/L causes red/brown staining in sinks, laundry, and fixtures. Iron also fouls water softener resin rapidly above 1 ppm — never install a softener before an iron filter in a well system. Two forms: ferrous (clear water iron, dissolved) and ferric (red water iron, particulate).
EPA secondary limit
0.3 mg/L
Staining threshold
>0.3 mg/L
Softener risk
>1.0 mg/L
Test frequency
Every 3 years
Ferrous: water softener or oxidizing filter · Ferric: sediment filter then oxidizing filter (AIO)
Manganese (Mn)
Co-occurs with iron in Middle Tennessee geology. Above 0.05 mg/L causes black or brown staining and metallic taste. At higher levels associated with neurological effects in children with long-term exposure. Often underestimated — many well owners treating for iron forget to test manganese separately.
EPA secondary limit
0.05 mg/L
Health guideline
0.3 mg/L
Children risk
>0.3 mg/L
Test frequency
Every 3 years
Greensand Plus filter · Birm filter · AIO (air injection oxidizing) filter · Sequestration for low levels
pH
Measures water acidity or alkalinity. Most Middle Tennessee limestone well water is alkaline (pH 7.2–8.5) — not a problem. However, some shallow wells in clay-dominant soils produce acidic water (pH below 6.5) that aggressively corrodes copper pipes and leaches lead from solder joints. pH below 6.0 is a serious corrosion risk.
Ideal range
6.5–8.5
Corrosion risk
<6.5
Scale risk
>8.5
Test frequency
Every 3 years
Low pH: calcite neutralizer filter · High pH: acid injection (less common) · Address before softener
Hardness (GPG)
Rural Middle Tennessee limestone aquifer wells regularly test at 12–20+ GPG — significantly harder than city water. Scale forms rapidly at these levels in water heaters, dishwashers, and washing machines. Testing hardness establishes the correct softener size and confirms whether the AIO iron filter needs to be installed first.
Softener needed
>7 GPG
Scale aggressive
>10 GPG
Typical TN wells
12–20+ GPG
Test frequency
Every 3 years
Ion exchange water softener · Size using GPG × daily household gallons
Arsenic (As)
Naturally occurring in bedrock in some Middle Tennessee geological formations. Colorless, odorless, tasteless at typical groundwater levels. Carcinogen with no safe level — long-term exposure is associated with bladder, lung, and skin cancer. Not universally present but worth testing at purchase and every 5 years. Deeper bedrock wells have higher arsenic risk.
EPA MCL
10 ppb
EWG guideline
0.004 ppb
Test frequency
Purchase + 5 years
Risk geology
Deep bedrock wells
Reverse osmosis (NSF/ANSI 58) · Activated alumina filter · Iron coagulation filtration
Lead (Pb)
Well water itself rarely contains lead. The risk is from the household plumbing — lead solder at copper joints (common in homes built before 1986), lead pipe in the pump assembly, or acidic well water (pH below 6.5) aggressively leaching lead from solder. First-draw sampling protocol required (6+ hours stagnant). Zero safe level for children.
EPA action level
15 ppb
Safe level children
Zero
Test if
Pre-1986 home & low pH
Sampling
First-draw (6 hr stagnant)
NSF/ANSI 53 solid block carbon filter · Reverse osmosis · Fix pH first
Atrazine & Pesticides
Agricultural herbicide runoff into shallow wells. Robertson County (tobacco, row crops) and Maury County (large-scale farming) are the highest-risk areas. Springfield city water already shows atrazine 2.6x EWG guideline from the Red River — private wells in those watersheds face similar or higher risk. Test if within 1 mile of row crop agriculture.
EPA MCL
3 ppb
EWG guideline
0.1 ppb
Risk counties
Robertson, Maury, Dickson
Test frequency
Every 3 years (ag areas)
Activated carbon filter (block or backwashing) · Reverse osmosis
VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds)
Solvents, fuel components, and industrial chemicals that can contaminate groundwater. Dickson County has documented historical industrial contamination from the Dickson County Landfill (a former Superfund concern). Any well within 2 miles of industrial facilities, gas stations, dry cleaners, or a documented contamination site should test for VOCs.
Priority county
Dickson County
Trigger: proximity
<2 mi of industry
EPA limits
Vary by compound
Test frequency
Purchase + if near industry
Activated carbon (GAC or block) · Aeration · RO for some compounds
Recommended Tests by County
Every Middle Tennessee county has its own geological profile and land use patterns that change the risk picture. These are the priority tests for each county based on geology, agriculture, and documented contamination history.
Williamson County
Limestone karst · Deep bedrock wells 150–400 ft · High hardness · Active development
Priority tests
Coliform & E. coli (annual)
Nitrate (annual — septic density)
Hardness GPG (12–20+ typical)
Iron & manganese
pH
Also consider
Arsenic (bedrock wells)
Lead (pre-1986 homes)
Radon (deep limestone)
VOCs (near development)
Fast-growing development in Williamson County means new septic systems near existing wells. The limestone karst geology allows rapid contaminant movement. High hardness is nearly universal — softener sizing requires a confirmed GPG test, not an estimate.
Dickson County
Piney River watershed · Industrial history · Mixed limestone & shale · Rural agriculture
Priority tests
Coliform & E. coli (annual)
VOCs (Dickson County Landfill history)
Nitrate (agricultural runoff)
Iron & manganese
pH & hardness
Also consider
Lead (older homes, acidic pH)
Arsenic
PFAS (industrial sites)
Atrazine (row crops)
Dickson County is unique in the Middle Tennessee guide series for its industrial contamination history. City water (WADC) shows chloroform 82x EWG from treatment. Well water has additional VOC risk from legacy industrial activity. VOC testing is not optional for Dickson County well owners.
Maury County
Duck River watershed · Agricultural · Phosphate geology · Columbia area
Priority tests
Coliform & E. coli (annual)
Nitrate (agricultural priority)
Atrazine & pesticides
Hardness & iron
pH
Also consider
Phosphate (natural geology)
PFAS (Duck River watershed)
Arsenic
Lead
Maury County sits on Middle Tennessee's agricultural heartland along the Duck River. The same Duck River that feeds Spring Hill city water with PFOA detections and elevated disinfection byproducts also drains into Maury County groundwater. Both nitrate from farming and PFAS from the Duck River watershed are meaningful concerns.
Robertson County
Red River watershed · Tobacco & row crops · Springfield area · Shallow wells common
Priority tests
Coliform & E. coli (annual)
Atrazine (tobacco & row crops)
Nitrate (fertilizer runoff)
Hardness, iron, pH
Also consider
Other pesticides (farm-specific)
Arsenic
Lead
VOCs (near highway corridors)
Springfield city water (Red River source) already shows atrazine at 2.6x EWG guidelines — the only city in our guide series with a documented atrazine finding. Private wells in Robertson County face the same agricultural watershed risk. Shallow wells are especially vulnerable to surface runoff following rain events.
Cheatham County
Cumberland River corridor · Mixed rural/suburban · Moderate limestone · Some shallow wells
Priority tests
Coliform & E. coli (annual)
Nitrate
Hardness, iron, pH
Also consider
Arsenic
Lead
Radon (some formations)
Cheatham County has a mix of Cumberland River-adjacent properties and limestone upland wells. Standard panel covers the primary concerns. Less agricultural intensity than Robertson or Maury reduces atrazine risk.
Wilson County
Lebanon area · Cumberland River watershed · Mixed limestone · Growing suburban
Priority tests
Coliform & E. coli (annual)
Nitrate
Hardness, iron, manganese, pH
Also consider
Arsenic (deep wells)
Lead
Atrazine (agricultural areas)
Lebanon city water (WWAWC, Cumberland River) shows zero PFAS and clean compliance. Rural Wilson County well water has the standard limestone hardness concern plus iron and manganese from the underlying geology.
How to Collect a Proper Sample
The way you collect a water sample determines whether the results are meaningful. Incorrect sampling is the most common cause of misleading well water tests — bacteria missed because the tap was run too long, lead missed because the sample was not first-draw. Follow these steps exactly for each test type.
Collecting a water sample for lab testing — proper collection technique matters. Cold water only, run the tap 2–3 minutes first, use lab-provided sterile containers for bacteria samples. Never use a jar from home for coliform testing.
Bacteria (Coliform & E. coli) Sample
1
Get the bottle from a TDEC-certified lab
Use only the sterile bottle provided by your certified lab with the sodium thiosulfate preservative already added. Do not substitute a household container. The preservative neutralizes any chlorine in the line and the sterility ensures no contamination during collection. Order the bottle at least 3 days before you plan to collect.
2
Choose a cold water tap closest to the pressure tank — no aerator
Remove the aerator from the tap if possible. Aerators harbor bacteria that can contaminate the sample and give a false positive. Use a kitchen or utility sink cold tap. Do not use an outdoor spigot, a filtered tap, or a water softener bypass tap.
Do not use a Brita filter or any filtered water outlet — this will mask bacteria.
3
Flame-sterilize or disinfect the tap
Wipe the faucet outlet with a clean alcohol swab or briefly pass a lit match or lighter flame around the opening for 5–10 seconds. This kills any surface bacteria on the faucet that could contaminate the sample. Let it cool for 30 seconds before collecting.
4
Run cold water for exactly 2–3 minutes
This clears the standing water from the pressure tank line and pulls fresh groundwater to the tap. Do not run for longer — over-flushing can dilute any bacteria that may be present in the immediate piping.
5
Fill without touching the bottle interior to the tap
Hold the sterile bottle under the flow without letting the bottle neck touch the faucet. Fill to the line marked on the bottle — do not overfill. Recap immediately. Do not set the cap down on any surface.
6
Deliver to the lab within 6 hours — keep cold
Bacteria samples degrade rapidly. Keep the bottle on ice or in a refrigerator and deliver to the certified lab within 6 hours of collection. Most labs require weekday delivery before noon. Check your lab’s specific requirements before you collect.
Samples held longer than 6 hours are invalid. Do not attempt to mail a bacteria sample without confirmed overnight delivery.
Lead Sample (First-Draw Protocol)
1
Do NOT run any water for at least 6 hours before collection
The first-draw protocol maximizes contact time between water and any lead materials in the household plumbing. This gives the highest-risk sample. Collect first thing in the morning before anyone uses any water — no toilet flushes, no dishwasher, nothing.
2
Collect the very first 250ml from the kitchen tap
The first water out of the kitchen tap has had the longest contact with any lead solder at pipe joints and any lead in the fixture body. Do not run the tap first. Collect this first draw immediately into the lab-provided bottle.
3
Collect a second 250ml immediately after
The second draw reflects lead from the pipes within the home rather than the fixture. Comparing first and second draws tells you whether lead is coming from the faucet/fixture (first draw higher) or from the service line or household pipes (second draw higher).
TDEC-Certified Testing Labs for Middle Tennessee
Use only a TDEC-certified laboratory for results that are valid for health decision-making. The following labs are certified by TDEC as of the most recent certification list (updated March 17, 2026). For the complete current list, visit tn.gov/environment and search for the Lab Certification Program.
About free water tests from installers: Many water treatment companies offer a “free in-home water test.” These tests typically measure only hardness, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and sometimes chlorine — parameters selected to identify softener and filter sales opportunities. They do not test for bacteria, nitrate, arsenic, lead, or VOCs. A free installer test is not a substitute for a certified laboratory test for health-related parameters. Use a TDEC-certified lab for any test you are making a health or treatment decision from.
| Lab / Contact | Location | What they test | Cost est. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Testing Laboratories ntllabs.com |
Mail-in (nationwide) | Comprehensive panels: bacteria, nitrate, metals, VOCs, pesticides, arsenic, lead, hardness, pH | $100–$350 | Well Check Basic ($100), Well Check Deluxe ($195), Well Check Plus ($305). Mail-in kit sent to you. Most comprehensive option for private wells. |
| Nashville MWS Microbiology Lab Ted Taylor · 615-862-4591 |
1600 2nd Ave N, Nashville, TN 37208 | Bacteria only (coliform + E. coli, HPC) | $20–$40 | Lab ID 02011, certified through 1/30/2027. Nashville area. Drop-off or arranged pickup. Bacteria testing only — use NTL for other parameters. |
| Joshua Lassiter / Gladeville UD 615-444-2869 |
3826 Vesta Road, Lebanon, TN 37090 | Bacteria only (coliform + E. coli) | $20–$35 | Lab ID 03084, certified through 8/31/2026. Wilson County area. Contact ahead to confirm availability and procedures. |
| UT Soil, Plant & Pest Center utia.tennessee.edu/sppc |
Knoxville (accepts statewide mail-in) | Nitrate, metals, pH, select pesticides, some bacteria | $25–$150 | University of Tennessee extension lab. Good for agricultural-area well owners needing nitrate and pesticide testing. Mail-in; check current test menu. |
| Harpeth Valley Utilities Lab Lynn Osborn · 615-352-7076 |
PO Box 210319, Nashville, TN 37211 | Bacteria (coliform + E. coli) | $20–$40 | Lab ID 03057, certified through 11/22/2027. Southwest Nashville / Williamson County area. Contact ahead for private well sample acceptance. |
| A&B Labs Nashville area — search TDEC list |
Nashville / Davidson County | Multiple parameters including metals | $30–$200 | TDEC-certified for multiple parameters. Contact directly for current test menu and pricing. Good for local drop-off. |
| TDEC Lab Certification Program 1-888-891-TDEC (8332) |
500 James Robertson Pkwy, Nashville | Directory of all certified labs | Free lookup | Call TDEC directly for the most current certified lab list for your county and parameter. Updated March 17, 2026. |
Annual Testing Calendar
The timing of well water testing matters. Bacteria contamination is highest after spring rain events when surface water can infiltrate shallow wells. Nitrate levels peak during and after fertilizer application season. Here is the recommended annual schedule for Middle Tennessee well owners.
Spring — April/May
Primary bacteria test
Coliform & E. coli · Nitrate · Turbidity check (visual). Spring rains are the highest contamination risk period for shallow wells. Test after the last major rain event of the season, not during active flooding.
Summer — June/July
Agricultural contaminants
Nitrate (post-application peak) · Atrazine and pesticides (Robertson, Maury, Dickson) · Visual check for color or odor changes from drought concentration.
Fall — September/October
Comprehensive panel (every 3 years)
Full panel: bacteria, nitrate, hardness, iron, manganese, pH, arsenic, lead if applicable. Fall testing allows you to plan and budget for any treatment system before winter. Lower rainfall reduces contamination interference in samples.
Immediately — Any time
Triggered testing
Test immediately after: flooding, pump replacement, well drilling or work, change in taste/color/odor, new infant in household, nearby septic system failure, neighbor well tests positive for contamination.
Reading Your Test Results
A lab report lists each parameter, the detected level (or a not-detected notation), and the regulatory limit. Here is how to interpret the most common findings for Middle Tennessee well owners.
Bacteria detected
Coliform or E. coli detected at any level
Stop using the well for drinking, cooking, or teeth brushing immediately. Use bottled water or boil water for 1 minute before use. Have the well shocked with chlorine (call a TDEC-licensed well driller or treatment installer) and retest 2 weeks after shocking. Do not resume normal use until two consecutive clear tests.
Action: Shock well → retest in 2 weeks → install UV sterilizer permanently
Nitrate above 10 mg/L
Nitrate above EPA MCL of 10 mg/L
Do not use this water for infant formula, drinking, or cooking for infants under 6 months. Pregnant women should also avoid consumption. Install a reverse osmosis system at the kitchen tap — it is the most effective residential nitrate removal method. Test the source (septic system nearby, fertilizer application) and address it if possible.
Action: RO system at kitchen tap → fix source if identifiable → retest annually
Iron above 0.3 mg/L
Iron between 0.3 and 3.0 mg/L
Not a direct health concern at these levels but causes staining, metallic taste, and softener resin damage above 1 mg/L. Identify whether it is ferrous (clear water that turns red on standing) or ferric (red water immediately). This determines whether you need an AIO oxidizing filter or just a sediment filter. Install the correct iron treatment before the water softener.
Action: Identify iron type → AIO or sediment filter BEFORE softener → retest
pH below 6.5
Acidic water — corrosion risk
Acidic water aggressively dissolves copper pipe walls and lead solder. Blue-green staining on fixtures, pinhole leaks in copper within 5–8 years, and elevated lead in first-draw water are the consequences. Install a calcite (calcium carbonate) neutralizer filter before any other treatment. Raising pH to 7.0–7.5 protects your entire plumbing system and reduces lead risk significantly.
Action: Calcite neutralizer FIRST → then softener → then iron filter → retest pH in 30 days
Arsenic above 10 ppb
Arsenic above EPA MCL
Install an NSF/ANSI 58 certified reverse osmosis system at the kitchen tap immediately. RO removes 90%+ of dissolved arsenic. Activated alumina is also effective. This is not optional at levels above the MCL — arsenic is a confirmed carcinogen with long-term exposure risks for bladder, lung, and skin cancer.
Action: RO system immediately → test filtered water to confirm removal → retest source annually
Not detected
Result shows “ND” or “<detection limit”
Not detected does not mean zero — it means the level is below the lab’s detection threshold, which varies by parameter and lab. For bacteria: ND is the result you want. For lead: ND typically means below 1–5 ppb depending on the lab. Maintain your annual testing schedule — groundwater conditions change and a clear test this year does not guarantee the same result next year.
Action: Document and file the result → continue annual bacteria testing → repeat panel in 3-5 years
Found Something: What to Do Next
A positive test result is not a crisis — it is information. Here is the priority order for action when a Middle Tennessee well test comes back with a finding.
1
Protect people immediately — before buying any equipment
If bacteria or nitrate above 10 mg/L is found: use bottled water for drinking, cooking, and infant formula immediately. Do not wait for a treatment system installation. Do not use a Brita or standard pitcher filter for bacteria — it does not protect against bacteria. Use commercially bottled water until the issue is resolved and confirmed clear by a retest.
2
Identify and address the contamination source
Treatment without source investigation treats the symptom, not the problem. Bacteria repeatedly appearing after shocking usually indicates a cracked well casing, a failing nearby septic system, or surface water infiltration. Nitrate above 10 mg/L near agricultural land requires both treatment and source investigation. Contact a TDEC-licensed well driller to inspect the well physical condition before installing treatment.
3
Get a treatment quote from a licensed installer — then audit it
Tennessee requires TDEC licensure for water treatment device installers on private water supplies. Request that any installer show you their TDEC license number before proceeding. Get at least two quotes for any system over $2,000. Submit the quotes to Tennessee Water Authority’s free independent audit before signing — the water treatment industry has documented high-pressure sales practices and we can verify whether the proposed system matches your test results.
4
Retest after treatment installation to confirm effectiveness
Never assume a treatment system is working. Test the water at the treated outlet 30 days after installation. For bacteria: retest coliform and E. coli downstream of the UV sterilizer. For lead: retest at the kitchen tap (after the NSF 53 filter) with first-draw protocol. For nitrate: test the RO output. Keep records of all test results with dates — these are valuable documentation for future property sale.
Frequently Asked Questions
No. Tennessee does not have requirements for sampling and analysis of private water supplies. Private wells serving fewer than 25 people are explicitly excluded from the Safe Drinking Water Act and from TDEC’s regulatory authority over public water systems. No agency monitors your well, no testing schedule is mandated, and no one will notify you if your groundwater becomes contaminated. You bear the full responsibility for testing and treatment. TDEC recommends annual testing for bacteria and nitrate at minimum, but this is a recommendation only — not a legal requirement.
At minimum, every year: coliform bacteria and E. coli, and nitrate (especially if near agricultural land or a septic system). Every 3 years: add hardness (GPG), iron, manganese, and pH. At purchase or every 5 years: add arsenic and lead. For Dickson County specifically: add VOCs. For Robertson, Maury, and Cheatham Counties near agriculture: add atrazine and pesticides. For any pre-1986 home with acidic pH below 6.5: lead testing is a priority regardless of county. Use the county guide on this page to identify your specific priority tests.
Basic bacteria test (coliform + E. coli): $20–$50 at a TDEC-certified lab. Nitrate test: $15–$25. Standard well panel (bacteria, nitrate, hardness, iron, manganese, pH): $75–$150. Comprehensive panel including arsenic, lead, VOCs, and pesticides: $200–$350 through National Testing Laboratories. Free installer tests from water treatment companies cover only hardness, pH, and TDS — they are not a substitute for certified lab testing for health parameters. Budget $100–$200 per year for a responsible annual testing program.
Comprehensive testing: National Testing Laboratories (ntllabs.com) — mail-in panels from $100, the most complete option for private wells. Bacteria-only (Nashville area): Nashville MWS Microbiology Lab, Ted Taylor, 615-862-4591, 1600 2nd Avenue North, Nashville, TDEC Lab ID 02011, certified through 1/30/2027. Bacteria-only (Lebanon/Wilson County area): Joshua Lassiter, 615-444-2869, 3826 Vesta Road, Lebanon, TDEC Lab ID 03084. Full current TDEC-certified lab directory: call 1-888-891-TDEC (8332) or visit tn.gov/environment and search Lab Certification Program. Always verify current certification before submitting samples.
Use the sterile bottle provided by your certified lab. Remove the aerator from the tap. Sterilize the faucet opening with an alcohol swab or briefly flame it. Run cold water for exactly 2–3 minutes to clear the line. Fill the bottle without touching the neck to the faucet. Cap immediately and keep cold. Deliver to the lab within 6 hours — bacteria samples degrade rapidly and samples held longer than 6 hours are invalid. Do not mail a bacteria sample without confirmed same-day or overnight delivery that keeps the sample cold.
Stop using the water for drinking, cooking, and infant formula immediately. Use commercially bottled water. Contact a TDEC-licensed well driller or treatment installer to shock (disinfect) the well with chlorine. Wait 48–72 hours after shocking, then flush thoroughly and retest. Do not resume drinking the well water until two consecutive clear tests at least 2 weeks apart. After retest confirms clear water, install a UV sterilization system as a permanent safeguard. If bacteria recur repeatedly after shocking, the well casing may be cracked or a nearby septic system may be the ongoing source — investigation before treatment is required.
Not for health decisions. Free in-home tests from water treatment installers typically measure only hardness (GPG), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and sometimes chlorine. These parameters are selected to identify which products the company can sell you. Free tests do not screen for bacteria, nitrate, arsenic, lead, VOCs, or pesticides — the parameters that represent actual health risks from Middle Tennessee well water. Use a TDEC-certified independent laboratory for any parameter you are making a health or filter purchase decision from. A free installer test can be a useful starting point for understanding hardness and pH, but it cannot substitute for certified lab testing.
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